What's Really in Your Dog's Food — How to Read a Label

What's Really in Your Dog's Food — How to Read a Label | Atlantean K9
The Briefing Room

What's Really in
Your Dog's Food —
How to Read a Label

Most UK dog owners have never read the ingredients list on their dog's food. Here's what the terms actually mean, why they matter, and exactly what to look for when you pick up a bag.

Atlantean K9 Nutrition & Ingredients June 2026

Pick up almost any bag of mass-market dog food and turn it over. Read the ingredients list. If you know what the terms mean, you'll put it straight back on the shelf.

Most people don't know what the terms mean. That's not an accident. The pet food industry has developed a language that sounds technical and reassuring while telling you almost nothing about what's actually in the bag. This guide breaks it down.

Why the ingredients list matters more than the front of the bag

The front of a dog food bag is marketing. It shows a glossy photograph of a whole chicken, a fresh salmon fillet, a cut of beef. It says things like "natural" and "balanced" and "complete." None of that is regulated in any meaningful way.

The ingredients list on the back is where the truth is. By law, ingredients must be listed in descending order by weight before processing. The first ingredient makes up the largest proportion of the food. The last ingredient is present in the smallest amount.

If the first ingredient is a grain, a vague derivative or a cheap filler — that's what your dog is primarily eating.

The rule
Ingredients are listed by weight, largest first.

Whatever appears at the top of the list makes up the biggest share of your dog's daily food. Start reading from there.

The ingredients to watch for

These appear on the labels of some of the UK's most popular and most heavily marketed dog foods. Here's what they actually mean.

Animal Derivatives Avoid

This is the most common and the most misleading term in UK pet food labelling. Animal derivatives can legally include any part of any warm-blooded animal — offal, bone, fat, connective tissue — from any species, in any combination. The blend can and does change from batch to batch depending on what's cheapest and most available at the time of production. You do not know what's in it. The manufacturer doesn't need to tell you. If the label doesn't name the animal and the part, it's using this term because transparency isn't in their interest.

Cereals Question it

Another catch-all term, this time for grains. Cereals on a dog food label can mean wheat, corn, barley, oats, rye or any combination of the above — again, in proportions that vary batch to batch. Grains aren't inherently bad for dogs, but unnamed cereals are a problem because you can't assess what you're feeding. They're also a common trigger for skin irritation, loose stools and digestive inconsistency in sensitive dogs. If a brand uses this term, it's because flexibility matters more to them than transparency.

Maize Avoid

Maize (corn) is one of the cheapest carbohydrate sources available and one of the least useful for dogs. It's high-glycaemic, meaning it causes rapid spikes in blood sugar — not the steady energy that active or working dogs need. It has poor digestibility compared to sweet potato or brown rice and provides minimal usable nutrition. When you see maize listed near the top of an ingredients list, you're looking at a formula built around cost, not performance.

Meat Meal (unspecified) Check it

Meat meal isn't automatically bad. Chicken meal or salmon meal from a named source is a concentrated protein source that can be used well. Unspecified meat meal — listed simply as "meat meal" or "poultry meal" without naming the animal — is the problem. You have no idea what animal it came from, what parts were used, or whether those parts change between batches. Named meat meal is acceptable. Unnamed meat meal is a red flag.

Oils and Fats (unspecified) Avoid

Similar to animal derivatives in structure. Oils and fats without a named source can include any animal or vegetable fat available at the time of production. The omega ratio — which significantly affects coat condition, inflammation and joint health — varies depending on what's used. Salmon oil, sunflower oil or named vegetable oils are fine. "Oils and fats" listed without a source tells you nothing useful.

What a good ingredients list looks like

Once you know what to avoid, knowing what to look for becomes straightforward. Good dog food is easy to identify by its ingredients list — because everything on it is named, recognisable and present for a reason.

Red flags
Cereals (first ingredient)
Meat and animal derivatives (4%)
Oils and fats
Maize gluten
Sugar beet pulp (in excess)
Artificial colours
Unnamed preservatives
What to look for
Named protein first — chicken, beef, salmon
Protein percentage above 25%
Named oil source — salmon oil, sunflower oil
Named carbohydrate — sweet potato, brown rice
Vegetables and botanicals — named and specific
No artificial additives
Chelated minerals for absorption

The five-second label check

You don't need to read every line of every ingredient to get a fast read on a dog food's quality. These five checks take about five seconds and tell you most of what you need to know.

1
What's the first ingredient?It should be a named protein — chicken, beef, salmon, duck. If it's a grain, a cereal or a derivative, move on.
2
What's the protein percentage?Check the analytical constituents panel. Below 22% and the formula is heavily padded. Performance and working dogs need 28% and above.
3
Do you see "derivatives" anywhere?Animal derivatives, meat and animal derivatives, poultry derivatives — if any of these appear, you don't know what's in the food.
4
Are the carbohydrates named?Sweet potato, potato, brown rice — all fine. "Cereals" or "maize" without specification — not fine.
5
Can you read the whole list?If the ingredients list is full of terms you don't recognise and can't picture, that's the point. Good food doesn't need to hide what it's made from.

Why this matters more than most people realise

A dog eating low-quality food with poor digestibility isn't dramatically sick — they're just not quite right. Slightly dull coat. Inconsistent stools. Energy that dips in the afternoon. Joints that stiffen faster than they should. Skin that itches without an obvious cause.

These signs are easy to dismiss or attribute to other things. But in most cases, nutrition is the foundation. When you get it right — named proteins, grain-free carbohydrates, clean ingredients — the difference shows up within two to four weeks. Firmer stools, better coat condition, steadier energy, improved recovery from exercise.

Dogs can't read the label. You can. That's the job.

From the field
In the military, you know exactly what goes into your kit.

Every piece of equipment, every decision, every input — accounted for. Working alongside dogs in Special Forces environments, I saw the same principle apply to nutrition. Weak fuel showed quickly. The dogs that performed and recovered consistently were the ones being fed with the same precision we applied to everything else. Atlantean K9 was built on that standard. Named ingredients. Known sources. Nothing vague. Nothing hidden.

What Atlantean K9 publishes on every product

Every formula in the Atlantean K9 range publishes its full ingredients list and analytical constituents on the product page. The protein source is named — British Free Range Chicken, Scottish Salmon, Angus Beef, English Country Duck. The carbohydrates are named. The oils are named. The percentages are published.

There are no animal derivatives in any Atlantean K9 formula. No unnamed cereals. No maize. No artificial colours, flavours or preservatives. The ingredients page on the website exists specifically so you can verify this yourself before you buy.

We publish what's in our food because transparency isn't a marketing position for us — it's a baseline. If you wouldn't feed it to a working dog in the field, it doesn't go in the bag.

Read the full ingredients list before you buy anything.

Every Atlantean K9 formula — full ingredients, sourcing and analytical constituents published.

Read our ingredients and sourcing

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